How To Create a Magento 2 Module

In this article we'll try to answer the first question of every beginner, how to create module in magento 2. To answer their question we'll create one HelloWorld extension and learn how to create Magento 2 Extension.

Let's get started!!

To Create the module you have to follow the simple step which are listed on below for create Magento 2 HelloWorld Module.

1. First we need to create Namespace and Module Folders.

Create Devhooks folder at app/code/Devhooks and create another folder HelloWorld at app/code/Devhooks/HelloWorld

Now, we need to create a module.xml file in app/code/Devhooks/HelloWorld/etc And paste the below code.

Note: Don't forgot to replace the Devhooks_HelloWorld with your Namespace and Module Name if it's different.

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../../../../../lib/internal/Magento/Framework/Module/etc/module.xsd">
    <module name="Devhooks_HelloWorld" schema_version="0.0.1" setup_version="0.0.1">
    </module>
</config>

If your module depends on any other module then add it's dependencies under <module> tag in module.xml file. Check below code for your reference.

<module name="Devhooks_HelloWorld" schema_version="0.0.1" setup_version="0.0.1">
    <sequence>
        <module name="Magento_Customer"/>
        <module name="Magento_Catalog"/>
    </sequence>
</module>

2. Create registration file.

Create registration.php at app/code/Devhooks/HelloWorld/registration.php file. And paste the below code.

<?php
\Magento\Framework\Component\ComponentRegistrar::register(
    \Magento\Framework\Component\ComponentRegistrar::MODULE,
    'Devhooks_HelloWorld',
    __DIR__
);

3. Create a frontend router.

Create a routes.xml at app/code/Devhooks/HelloWorld/etc/frontend/routes.xml And paste the below code.

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:App/etc/routes.xsd">
    <router id="standard">
        <route id="helloworld" frontName="helloworld">
            <module name="Devhooks_HelloWorld"/>
        </route>
    </router>
</config>

• In Above code <router id="standard"> indicates which node Magento should look at to find the URL's front Name.

• Then, the route id="helloworld" shown which router we will use (frontend or adminhtml).

• And route frontName="helloworld" is the first part of the URL and it should be unique.

4. Create a Controller action.

Create the file Index.php in app/code/Devhooks/HelloWorld/Controller/Index/Index.php. This will map to http://domainname.com/helloworld/index/index

Now, let's see how to find the action of any module. In Following URL http://domainname.com/helloworld/index/index

• helloworld: front name
• index: name of controller folder
• index: name of action file – index.php

In below controller action we have extend magento default action \Magento\Framework\App\Action\Action to use some default methods. In every action file, there will be a method name execute() that will invoked when the action is called.

<?php
namespace Devhooks\HelloWorld\Controller\Index;

class Index extends \Magento\Framework\App\Action\Action
{
    /** @var  \Magento\Framework\View\Result\Page */
    protected $resultPageFactory;
    /**      * @param \Magento\Framework\App\Action\Context $context      */
    public function __construct(\Magento\Framework\App\Action\Context $context,
        \Magento\Framework\View\Result\PageFactory $resultPageFactory)     {
        $this->resultPageFactory = $resultPageFactory;
        parent::__construct($context);
    }

    /**
     * Blog Index, shows a list of recent blog posts.
     *
     * @return \Magento\Framework\View\Result\PageFactory
     */
    public function execute()
    {
        $resultPage = $this->resultPageFactory->create();
        $resultPage->getConfig()->getTitle()->prepend(__('Devhooks Hello World'));
        return $resultPage;
    }
}

5. Create a layout file.

Create helloworld_index_index.xml at app\code\Devhooks\Helloworld\view\frontend\layout\helloworld_index_index.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<page xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" layout="1column" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:View/Layout/etc/page_configuration.xsd">
<body>
  <referenceContainer name="content">
   <block class="Devhooks\HelloWorld\Block\HelloWorld" name="formbuilder" template="Devhooks_HelloWorld::helloworld.phtml"/>
  </referenceContainer>
</body>
</page>

6. Create a block for our module.

Create block file HelloWorld.php at app/code/Devhooks/HelloWorld/Block/HelloWorld.php

<?php
namespace Devhooks\HelloWorld\Block;

class HelloWorld extends \Magento\Framework\View\Element\Template
{
    public function _prepareLayout()
    {
        return parent::_prepareLayout();
    }
}

7. Create a template file.

Create helloworld.phtml at app/code/Devhooks/HelloWorld/view/frontend/templates/helloworld.phtml

<h3>Welcome to HelloWorld Extension.</h3>

8. Now it's time to active Devhooks_HelloWorld extension.

For that we have two ways to active Devhooks_Helloworld extension.

• Directly edit file app/etc/config.xml In the array module, add the element: 'Devhooks_Helloworld' => 1

• Open Command line in folder root of magento and run both commands

php bin/magento setup:upgrade

php bin/magento cache:flush

Bingo!! we are done all steps.

Run the following link http://domainname.com/helloworld/index/index, and check the result.

That's it!!

I hope this article helped you to find what you were looking for.

Bookmark it for your future reference. Do comment below if you have any other questions on that.

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